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Kluyveromyces thermotolerans was originally isolated by Filipov (as Saccharomyces veronae, 1932) from fermenting plum jam. Strains of K. thermotolerans are usually associated with fruits, Drosphila and possibly other insects that use plants for feeding purposes. This species has been assigned to the Kluyveromyces genus on the basis of ascus deliquescence, spores being liberated from soon after ascus formation. Despite its name, the ability to grow at high temperature is variable, however, one strain collected near decaying prickly pear tissue in the Cayman islands grew vigorously at 37°C (Kurtzman and Fell 2000).

Following the initial low coverage (0.2X) genomic exploration of K. thermotolerans (Malpertuy, et al. 2000), the genome of the type strain, CBS6340, has been completely sequenced. This genome is diploid, harboring 8 pairs of chromosomes for a total haploid size of 10.4 Mb (excluding the rDNA repeats). The average GC content of 47% is significantly higher than for other related yeast species (typically around 39% in this clade). The total number of annotated genes is 5350, including 5104 protein encoding genes and 246 non-coding RNA genes. The mitochondrial genome of 23.5 kb in length has also been completely sequenced and annotated (Talla et al. 2005). Originally, the group I intron of the mitochondrial 21S rRNA gene was sequenced because it shows similarity to the one of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Jacquier and Dujon 1983).

1. Kurtzman, C. P. and J. W. Fell (2000). The yeasts, A taxonomic study. Amsterdam, Elsevier Science B.V.
2. Malpertuy, A., B. Llorente, et al. (2000). "Genomic exploration of the hemiascomycetous yeasts: 10. Kluyveromyces thermotolerans." FEBS Lett 487(1): 61-5.
3. Talla E, Anthouard V, Bouchier C, Frangeul L, Dujon B. (2005). "The complete mitochondrial genome of the yeast Kluyveromyces thermotolerans." FEBS Lett 579(1):30-40.
4. Jacquier A, Dujon B. (1983). "The intron of the mitochondrial 21S rRNA gene: distribution in different yeast species and sequence comparison between Kluyveromyces thermotolerans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Mol Gen Genet 192(3):487-99.